2023 General Elections :
Why Nigerians should be wary of covetous and untrustworthy politicians (2)
By Bode Durojaiye.
The pursuit of good governance in Nigeria should focus on encouraging trustworthy and competent electoral candidates,
Disenchantment with the political system, especially among the rapidly growing youth population, makes the challenge increasingly urgent.
Nigeria’s poor socio-economic performance, human rights abuses, widespread poverty, insecurity, corruption and lack of trust in the political system have led to disenchantment amongst the electorate, especially the youth who make up 51% of the 84 million registered voters.
This matters in a fast-growing population of over 200 million, with more than 60% of people under 25..
There can be two possible effects from such disenchantment on voter turn-out in the 2023 elections; it can motivate high turn-out in which people demand better governance or lead to apathy and low turn-out. It is expected that the high stakes at play will mobilise the former.
There is a need for people to participate in choosing political leaders who will serve the public’s interest and promote good governance.
The human cost of bad governance is evident in the low level of basic infrastructure, weak healthcare and educational system, high unemployment and the number of out-of-school children, amongst others.
Across the socio-economic class divide, there is a feeling that the effects of bad governance will catch up with everyone someday.
The recent protests by young Nigerians against police brutality, the EndSARS protests, exposed the gross human rights abuses suffered by many Nigerians at the hands of the institution created to protect them.
More than about the police itself, the protests demonstrated the youth’s discontentment with governance throughout the country.
Nigerians are now demanding that the government tackles the root causes of poverty, insecurity, human rights abuses and socio-economic instability – through the levers of good governance.
Moving ahead to the 2023 elections, attention must be focused on the overlooked question of who becomes a political leader to achieve these goals?
Over the past five electoral cycles since Nigeria’s return to democracy in 1999, less attention has been paid to ‘who’ becomes a political leader, particularly the quality of people elected as members of the Local Government Council, State Assembly, House of Representatives and Senate, as well as those elected as Governors and the President.
While good governance depends on building strong institutions that provide the framework for politicians to act in the public’s interest, it also depends on choosing competent and trustworthy politicians who have the strength of character to uphold the values of the institutions in the first place.
For one reason, elected officials can choose to undermine institutions’ integrity for self-dealing and personal gain. The Nigerian electorate should, therefore, demand and elect political leaders who are competent and honest, but how can this be guaranteed?
Elected public office holders, as members of Nigerian society, adopt their values and beliefs about patriotism, public service, honesty and integrity from that same society.
These values are learned in families, schools, communities, associations and organisations and impact how elected officials behave in positions of trust.
Where the principles of civic duty, honesty, integrity and service are instilled
in every Nigerian citizen, the chances increase that the pool of available candidates will embody some or all of these attributes.
However, if only a few individuals in society recognise that such attributes are fundamental to good governance, it becomes a challenge.
For transformational change, we must build a society with core values that espouse what we hope to stand for as a nation and what we hope to achieve for the country’s future.
What then motivates a political leader to run for office?
A political leader’s motivation to run for public office will be varied and affect the quality of decisions and public policies adopted and implemented should they be successful.
Their motivation might include self-identity, self-interest and enrichment, the responsibility of public service, family background, salaries, experience, or a combination of these factors.
In particular, the significant opportunities for rent-seeking in public office in Nigeria have often attracted many politicians with a focus on extracting rents.
It is therefore important to consider what type of formal and informal rent structures exist in Nigeria’s elected offices that attract these individuals, rather than candidates with a public service focus, and what systems exist to scrutinise, expose and check these excesses; improved checks and balances that reduce rent extraction and greater scrutiny of political behaviour tend to improve political selection.
Alternatively, if the structures in public office reward excellence, hard work and performance, it is more likely to attract and motivate politicians with a focus on serving and ensuring accountability.
Ahead of the 2023 elections, a key issue to consider is what range of mechanisms can be implemented to make it more likely that good candidates put themselves forward for office.
To be continued…………
